Metode Linguistik al-Zamakhsyarî dalam Menolak Ru'yatullâh: Telaah Kritis atas Tafsir al-Kasysyâf

Abstract

This study analyzes al-Zamakhsharī’s linguistic methodology in rejecting the concept of ru’yatullāh (seeing Allah) within his exegesis al-Kashshāf, as well as its connection to Mu‘tazilite theological doctrine. The research employs a qualitative method based on a literature review, utilizing al-Kashshāf as the primary source and other texts on exegesis, creed, and linguistics as supporting sources. The analysis focuses on semantic, syntactic (naḥw), and rhetorical (balāghah) aspects regarding the interpretation of verses concerning the vision of Allah, subsequently comparing these with the views of Ahl al-Sunnah. The findings indicate that al-Zamakhsharī constructs his rejection of ru’yatullāh through specific interpretations of terms such as al-idrāk (comprehension), al-iḥāṭah (encompassing), and al-naẓar (looking); by interpreting the word nāẓirah as "waiting" (intiẓār); and by construing the particle lan as signifying permanent negation. Analytically, these choices demonstrate that linguistic tools were not employed solely based on linguistic possibility but were directed toward reinforcing Mu‘tazilite theological principles. Several of his arguments are also open to challenge based on the context of Arabic usage and evidence from the Qur’an and Hadith. Thus, al-Zamakhsharī’s linguistic interpretation of ru’yatullāh reveals a close relationship between linguistic choices and the exegete’s theological orientation.